Buying property in Nigeria is a major milestone—and for first-time buyers, it can feel overwhelming. With issues like unclear land titles, fake agents, inflated prices, and legal complexities, many people either make costly mistakes or delay buying altogether.
The good news is this: buying property in Nigeria can be safe and rewarding when done with the right information and professional guidance.
In this complete guide, we explain everything first-time buyers need to know—from choosing the right property to verifying documents and avoiding common scams.
Why Buying Property in Nigeria Requires Careful Planning
Real estate remains one of the most reliable investments in Nigeria, whether you’re buying a home to live in or investing for the future. However, unlike some countries, Nigeria’s property market is not fully centralized, which means buyers must be extra careful.
Many property problems arise due to:
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Poor documentation
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Government-acquired land
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Multiple ownership claims
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Unverified agents or sellers
As a first-time buyer, understanding the process is your strongest protection.
Step 1: Decide What Type of Property You Want
Before searching for property, be clear about what you want and why.
Ask yourself:
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Are you buying to live in or to invest?
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Do you want land or a finished house?
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Is it for residential or commercial use?
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What is your budget (including extra costs)?
Common Property Options in Nigeria
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Land (residential or commercial)
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Apartments & flats
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Duplexes & terraces
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Bungalows
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Off-plan properties
Your purpose will determine the best option for you.
Step 2: Choose the Right Location
Location is one of the most important factors in real estate. A good location affects property value, security, accessibility, and future appreciation.
When choosing a location, consider:
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Road access and infrastructure
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Security and neighborhood development
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Proximity to work, schools, and markets
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Government development plans
Emerging areas may be cheaper, while developed areas offer stability and faster returns.
Step 3: Understand Property Prices and Budget Properly
As a first-time buyer, it’s important to understand that the property price is not the only cost involved.
Additional costs may include:
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Legal fees
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Survey and documentation fees
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Agency or professional fees
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Development or finishing costs
Always keep extra funds aside to avoid financial strain during the process.
Step 4: Verify the Property Thoroughly
This is one of the most critical steps when buying property in Nigeria.
Land & Property Verification Checklist
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Confirm ownership of the seller
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Check land status (freehold or government-acquired)
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Verify survey plans
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Confirm title documents
Never rely on verbal assurances or incomplete paperwork.
Step 5: Understand Key Property Documents in Nigeria
Every first-time buyer should be familiar with the following documents:
Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)
This is a legal document issued by the government confirming the right to own and use land.
Governor’s Consent
This is required when ownership of land is transferred from one person to another.
Deed of Assignment
This document legally transfers ownership from the seller to the buyer.
Survey Plan
A survey plan shows the exact location and size of the land and confirms it is not under government acquisition.
Always work with professionals to verify these documents before payment.
Step 6: Avoid Common Mistakes First-Time Buyers Make
Many first-time buyers lose money because of avoidable mistakes such as:
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Paying without verification
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Buying government-acquired land
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Trusting unregistered agents
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Skipping legal advice
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Rushing due to pressure or fear of missing out
Taking your time and asking the right questions can save you millions of naira.
Step 7: Work With a Trusted Real Estate Company
One of the safest decisions a first-time buyer can make is working with a reputable real estate company that understands the Nigerian market.
A trusted company will:
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Help verify properties
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Guide you on documentation
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Protect your interests during negotiations
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Provide transparent information
At Estate Informant, we prioritize accurate property information, due diligence, and client education to help buyers make confident decisions.
Step 8: Make Payment Properly and Secure Documentation
Once verification is complete:
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Make payments through traceable channels
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Collect receipts and agreements
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Ensure the Deed of Assignment is signed
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Begin documentation processing immediately
Never delay documentation after payment.
Step 9: Register and Secure Your Ownership
After purchase, ensure the property is legally registered in your name. This protects your ownership and increases the property’s value.
Proper documentation is what truly secures your investment.
Final Thoughts: Buying Property in Nigeria Can Be Safe
Buying property in Nigeria does not have to be stressful or risky. With the right information, patience, and professional guidance, first-time buyers can own property safely and confidently.
The key is education, verification, and transparency.
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